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Toliman

Stratovolcano(es) in Guatemala

Key Facts

Elevation

3,158 m (10,361 ft)

Type

Stratovolcano(es)

Location

14.612°, -91.189°

Region

Central America Volcanic Arc

Rock Type

Andesite / Basaltic Andesite

Tectonic Setting

Subduction zone

Location

Loading map...

Overview

Volcán Tolimán is a large andesitic stratovolcano that rises above the S shore of Lake Atitlán. It was constructed within the Pleistocene Atitlán III caldera, near its inferred southern margin. A shallow elliptical crater truncates the summit, and a subsidiary peak to the SSW also has a shallow crater.

In contrast to the tephra-covered surface of Volcán Atitlán immediately to the S, the surface is covered by thick lava flows. Many of the flows were erupted from vents on the flanks and form a highly irregular shoreline on the S side of Lake Atitlán. A lava flow that entered Lake Atitlán from the Cerro de Oro lava dome on the N flank was considered by Newhall et al.

(1987) to be less than a few thousand years old based on the thickness of sediment accumulated on the sublacustral part of the flow.

Volcanic Hazards & Risk Assessment

Primary Hazards

    Risk Level

    Population at RiskModerate
    Infrastructure RiskModerate
    Aviation RiskSignificant

    Geological Composition & Structure

    Rock Types

    Primary
    Andesite / Basaltic Andesite
    Silica Content
    Intermediate (57-63% SiO₂)

    Tectonic Setting

    Subduction zone
    Formed by oceanic plate subduction, typically producing explosive eruptions due to water-rich magmas.

    Age & Formation

    Epoch
    Holocene
    Evidence
    Evidence Credible

    Eruption Statistics & Analysis

    MetricValueGlobal RankingSignificance
    Total Recorded EruptionsUnknownLowModerately active volcano
    Maximum VEIVEI UnknownMinorLocal impact potential

    Monitoring & Alert Status

    Monitoring Networks

    Global Volcanism Program
    International eruption database

    Current Status

    Normal
    No recent activity. Routine monitoring continues.

    Nearby Volcanoes in Middle America-Caribbean Volcanic Regions

    Regional Volcanic Activity
    The Middle America-Caribbean Volcanic Regions contains multiple active volcanic systems. Cross-regional magma interactions and tectonic stresses can influence eruption patterns across the entire arc. Monitor regional seismic activity and volcanic alerts.

    Quick Info

    • Smithsonian ID: 342070
    • Evidence: Evidence Credible
    • Epoch: Holocene

    About the Photo

    Volcán Tolimán (center) towers above the south shore of scenic Lake Atitlán. Tolimán and the adjacent Atitlán (upper left) were constructed within the Pleistocene Atitlán III caldera, near its inferred southern margin. In contrast to the tephra-covered surface of Volcán Atitlán, the surface of Tolimán is dominated by thick lava flows. The recent eruptions of Tolimán were primarily effusive eruptions from flank vents. The resulting lava flows extend into the lake and produce the irregular shoreline.

    Photo by Bill Rose, 1972 (Michigan Technological University).

    Basic Information

    This page shows basic data from the Smithsonian Global Volcanism Program. For more detailed information, visit the official Smithsonian page.