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Sangeang Api

Complex in Indonesia

Last Eruption: 2022

Key Facts

Elevation

1,912 m (6,273 ft)

Type

Complex

Location

-8.200°, 119.070°

Region

Sunda Volcanic Arc

Total Eruptions

20

Max VEI

VEI 3

Rock Type

Trachybasalt / Tephrite Basanite

Tectonic Setting

Subduction zone

Location

Loading map...

Eruption Timeline

2022 CENotable

Most recent confirmed eruption

2002 CEVEI 1

Historical eruption (estimated)

1982 CEVEI 1

Historical eruption (estimated)

1980 CEVEI 2

Historical eruption (estimated)

1973 CEVEI 3

Historical eruption (estimated)

1968 CEVEI 1

Historical eruption (estimated)

1958 CEVEI 2

Historical eruption (estimated)

1955 CEVEI 1

Historical eruption (estimated)

1953 CEVEI 2

Historical eruption (estimated)

1943 CEVEI 1

Historical eruption (estimated)

1923 CEVEI 3

Historical eruption (estimated)

1893 CEVEI 3

Historical eruption (estimated)

1883 CEVEI 2

Historical eruption (estimated)

1881 CEVEI 1

Historical eruption (estimated)

1879 CEVEI 3

Historical eruption (estimated)

1869 CEVEI 3

Historical eruption (estimated)

1849 CEVEI 3

Historical eruption (estimated)

1839 CEVEI 3

Historical eruption (estimated)

1837 CEVEI 3

Historical eruption (estimated)

1830 CEVEI 2

Historical eruption (estimated)

Overview

Sangeang Api volcano, one of the most active in the Lesser Sunda Islands, forms a small 13-km-wide island off the NE coast of Sumbawa Island. Two large trachybasaltic-to-tranchyandesitic volcanic cones, Doro Api and Doro Mantoi, were constructed in the center and on the eastern rim, respectively, of an older, largely obscured caldera. Flank vents occur on the south side of Doro Mantoi and near the northern coast.

Intermittent eruptions have been recorded since 1512, most of them during in the 20th century.

Volcanic Hazards & Risk Assessment

Primary Hazards

    Risk Level

    Population at RiskModerate
    Infrastructure RiskHigh
    Aviation RiskSignificant

    Geological Composition & Structure

    Rock Types

    Primary
    Trachybasalt / Tephrite Basanite
    Silica Content
    Varied composition

    Tectonic Setting

    Subduction zone
    Formed by oceanic plate subduction, typically producing explosive eruptions due to water-rich magmas.

    Age & Formation

    Epoch
    Holocene
    Evidence
    Eruption Observed

    Eruption Statistics & Analysis

    MetricValueGlobal RankingSignificance
    Total Recorded Eruptions20ModerateModerately active volcano
    Maximum VEIVEI 3ModerateLocal impact potential
    Recent Activity4 years agoVery RecentCurrently active

    Monitoring & Alert Status

    Monitoring Networks

    Global Volcanism Program
    International eruption database

    Current Status

    Active
    Recent volcanic activity detected. Continuous monitoring in place.

    Nearby Volcanoes in Sunda-Banda Volcanic Regions

    Regional Volcanic Activity
    The Sunda-Banda Volcanic Regions contains multiple active volcanic systems. Cross-regional magma interactions and tectonic stresses can influence eruption patterns across the entire arc. Monitor regional seismic activity and volcanic alerts.

    Quick Info

    • •Smithsonian ID: 264050
    • •Evidence: Eruption Observed
    • •Epoch: Holocene

    About the Photo

    Sangeang Api is a small volcanic island off the NE coast of Sumbawa Island. Two large cones, Doro Api in the center and Doro Mantai on the right, were constructed within and on the south rim of a largely obscured caldera. Intermittent eruptions have been recorded since 1512 and it has been frequently active in the 20th century.

    Photo by Tom Casadevall, 1985 (U.S. Geological Survey).

    Authority Sources

    Smithsonian GVP
    Official volcano database
    USGS Volcano Hazards
    U.S. Geological Survey
    Global Volcanism Program
    Smithsonian Institution

    Related Volcanoes

    In Indonesia:
    All Japan Volcanoes
    105 active volcanoes
    By Type:
    Caldera Volcanoes
    Large collapse features
    By Region:
    Kuril Volcanic Arc
    Subduction zone volcanoes

    Basic Information

    This page shows basic data from the Smithsonian Global Volcanism Program. For more detailed information, visit the official Smithsonian page.