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Ngozi

Caldera in Tanzania

Last Eruption: 1450

Key Facts

Elevation

2,614 m (8,576 ft)

Type

Caldera

Location

-9.004°, 33.552°

Region

Rukwa Rift Volcanic Province

Rock Type

Trachyte / Trachydacite

Tectonic Setting

Rift zone

Location

Loading map...

Overview

Ngozi caldera is the most prominent volcanic feature of the Poroto Ridge, a transverse structure at the northern end of the Karonga basin. The trachytic-to-phonolitic volcano contains a 3-km-wide caldera with a 1. 5 x 2.

5 km lake in the southern part of the caldera that is bounded by steep-walled cliffs 150-300 m high. Numerous pyroclastic cones are situated along the ridge. Eruption of the Kitulo Pumice, radiocarbon dated at about 10,200 cal.

years before present, is though to be related to formation of the caldera. The youngest activity appears to have originated from the caldera and from youthful-looking pyroclastic cones to the north; the youngest known eruption produced a pyroclastic flow that swept at least 10 km S about 500 years ago.

Volcanic Hazards & Risk Assessment

Primary Hazards

  • Pyroclastic flows and surges
  • Large explosive eruptions (VEI 4+)
  • Ash fall and tephra deposits
  • Lahars and debris flows

Risk Level

Population at RiskModerate
Infrastructure RiskModerate
Aviation RiskSignificant

Geological Composition & Structure

Rock Types

Primary
Trachyte / Trachydacite
Silica Content
Varied composition

Tectonic Setting

Rift zone
Continental rift or intraplate setting with varied eruptive styles.

Age & Formation

Epoch
Holocene
Evidence
Eruption Dated

Eruption Statistics & Analysis

MetricValueGlobal RankingSignificance
Total Recorded EruptionsUnknownLowModerately active volcano
Maximum VEIVEI UnknownMinorLocal impact potential
Recent Activity576 years agoHistoricalHistorically active

Monitoring & Alert Status

Monitoring Networks

Global Volcanism Program
International eruption database

Current Status

Normal
No recent activity. Routine monitoring continues.

Nearby Volcanoes in Eastern Africa Volcanic Regions

Regional Volcanic Activity
The Eastern Africa Volcanic Regions contains multiple active volcanic systems. Cross-regional magma interactions and tectonic stresses can influence eruption patterns across the entire arc. Monitor regional seismic activity and volcanic alerts.

Quick Info

  • Smithsonian ID: 222164
  • Evidence: Eruption Dated
  • Epoch: Holocene

About the Photo

Lake-filled Ngozi caldera is seen here from its southern rim. The 1.5 x 2.5 km caldera lake is bounded by steep-walled cliffs 150-300 m high. The caldera is the most prominent volcanic feature of the Poroto Ridge, a transverse structure at the northern end of the Karonga basin in SW Tanzania. Numerous cones are situated along the ridge. The youngest activity along the ridge appears to have originated from Ngozi caldera and from pyroclastic cones to the N.

Photo by David Williamson, CNRS, France.

Basic Information

This page shows basic data from the Smithsonian Global Volcanism Program. For more detailed information, visit the official Smithsonian page.