Dempo
Stratovolcano(es) in Indonesia
Key Facts
Elevation
3,142 m (10,308 ft)
Type
Stratovolcano(es)
Location
-4.016°, 103.121°
Region
Sunda Volcanic Arc
Total Eruptions
33
Max VEI
VEI 2
Rock Type
Andesite / Basaltic Andesite
Tectonic Setting
Subduction zone
Location
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Eruption Timeline
Most recent confirmed eruption
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Overview
Dempo is a stratovolcano that rises above the Pasumah Plain of SE Sumatra. The andesitic complex has two main peaks, Gunung Dempo and Gunung Marapi, constructed near the SE rim of a 3-km-wide amphitheater open to the north. The high point of the older Gunung Dempo crater rim is slightly lower, and lies at the SE end of the summit complex.
The taller Marapi cone was constructed within the older crater. Remnants of seven craters are found at or near the summit, with volcanism migrating WNW over time. The active 750 x 1,100 m active crater cuts the NW side of the Marapi cone and contains a 400-m-wide lake at the far NW end.
Eruptions recorded since 1817 have been small-to-moderate explosions that produced local ashfall.
Volcanic Hazards & Risk Assessment
Primary Hazards
Risk Level
Geological Composition & Structure
Rock Types
Tectonic Setting
Age & Formation
Eruption Statistics & Analysis
| Metric | Value | Global Ranking | Significance |
|---|---|---|---|
| Total Recorded Eruptions | 33 | High | Highly active volcano |
| Maximum VEI | VEI 2 | Minor | Local impact potential |
| Recent Activity | 1 years ago | Very Recent | Currently active |
Monitoring & Alert Status
Monitoring Networks
Current Status
Nearby Volcanoes in Sunda-Banda Volcanic Regions
Quick Info
- •Smithsonian ID: 261230
- •Evidence: Eruption Observed
- •Epoch: Holocene
About the Photo
The youngest crater of Dempo volcano, at the WNW end of a series of six partially overlapping craters at the summit, contains a 400-m-wide crater lake that has been the source of frequent phreatic eruptions during historical time. A seventh smaller crater is located on the upper N flank. Dempo is one of Sumatra's most active volcanoes, frequently producing small-to-moderate explosive eruptions.
Photo by Ruska Hadian, 1989 (Volcanological Survey of Indonesia).
Authority Sources
Related Volcanoes
Basic Information
This page shows basic data from the Smithsonian Global Volcanism Program. For more detailed information, visit the official Smithsonian page.