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Dallol

Explosion crater(s) in Ethiopia

Last Eruption: 2011

Key Facts

Elevation

-48 m (-157 ft)

Type

Explosion crater(s)

Location

14.242°, 40.300°

Region

Afar Rift Volcanic Province

Rock Type

No Data (checked)

Tectonic Setting

Rift zone

Location

Loading map...

Overview

Numerous phreatic explosion craters are present across the Salt Plain NNE of the Erta Ale Range in one of the lowest areas of the desolate Danakil depression. The most recent of these craters, Dallol, lies 48 m below sea level and was formed during an eruption in 1926. Colorful hot brine springs are found in the Dallol area.

Another phreatic explosion was observed in January 2011.

Volcanic Hazards & Risk Assessment

Primary Hazards

    Risk Level

    Population at RiskModerate
    Infrastructure RiskHigh
    Aviation RiskSignificant

    Geological Composition & Structure

    Rock Types

    Primary
    No Data (checked)
    Silica Content
    Varied composition

    Tectonic Setting

    Rift zone
    Continental rift or intraplate setting with varied eruptive styles.

    Age & Formation

    Epoch
    Holocene
    Evidence
    Eruption Observed

    Eruption Statistics & Analysis

    MetricValueGlobal RankingSignificance
    Total Recorded EruptionsUnknownLowModerately active volcano
    Maximum VEIVEI UnknownMinorLocal impact potential
    Recent Activity15 years agoRecentRecently active

    Monitoring & Alert Status

    Monitoring Networks

    Global Volcanism Program
    International eruption database

    Current Status

    Watch
    Dormant but monitored. Capable of renewed activity.

    Nearby Volcanoes in Eastern Africa Volcanic Regions

    Regional Volcanic Activity
    The Eastern Africa Volcanic Regions contains multiple active volcanic systems. Cross-regional magma interactions and tectonic stresses can influence eruption patterns across the entire arc. Monitor regional seismic activity and volcanic alerts.

    Quick Info

    • Smithsonian ID: 221041
    • Evidence: Eruption Observed
    • Epoch: Holocene

    About the Photo

    Colorful hot brine pools up to about a meter in diameter with terraces at hot springs at Dallol. Numerous phreatic explosion craters dot the Salt Plain NNE of the Erta Ale Range in one of the lowest areas of the Danakil depression. These craters mark Earth's lowest known subaerial volcanic vents. The most recent of these craters, Dallol, lies 48 m below sea level and was formed during an eruption in 1926.

    Copyrighted photo by Marco Fulle, 2002 (Stromboli On-Line, http://stromboli.net).

    Basic Information

    This page shows basic data from the Smithsonian Global Volcanism Program. For more detailed information, visit the official Smithsonian page.