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Afdera

Stratovolcano in Ethiopia

Key Facts

Elevation

1,250 m (4,101 ft)

Type

Stratovolcano

Location

13.088°, 40.853°

Region

Afar Rift Volcanic Province

Rock Type

Rhyolite

Tectonic Setting

Rift zone

Location

Loading map...

Overview

Afderà is an isolated rhyolitic stratovolcano located between the Erta Ale, Tat Ali, and Alayta ranges. It lies at the intersection of three fault systems. Young rhyolitic lava domes are aligned N-S at its southern foot.

Only a few late-stage satellitic cones are of basaltic composition. Eruptions were reported in 1907 and 1915 (Catalog of Active Volcanoes of the World). However, on morphological grounds it appears to be substantially older than adjacent volcanoes, and the reported eruptions were probably from Alayta volcano to the west.

The age of the most recent eruption is not known, although the S-flank rhyolitic lava domes are too young to be dated by the Potassium-Argon method.

Volcanic Hazards & Risk Assessment

Primary Hazards

  • Pyroclastic flows
  • Lava flows
  • Volcanic bombs and ballistics
  • Lahars and mudflows

Risk Level

Population at RiskModerate
Infrastructure RiskModerate
Aviation RiskSignificant

Geological Composition & Structure

Rock Types

Primary
Rhyolite
Silica Content
High (>68% SiO₂)

Tectonic Setting

Rift zone
Continental rift or intraplate setting with varied eruptive styles.

Age & Formation

Epoch
Holocene
Evidence
Evidence Uncertain

Eruption Statistics & Analysis

MetricValueGlobal RankingSignificance
Total Recorded EruptionsUnknownLowModerately active volcano
Maximum VEIVEI UnknownMinorLocal impact potential
Recent ActivityUnknownHistoricalHistorically active

Monitoring & Alert Status

Monitoring Networks

Global Volcanism Program
International eruption database

Current Status

Normal
No recent activity. Routine monitoring continues.

Nearby Volcanoes in Eastern Africa Volcanic Regions

Regional Volcanic Activity
The Eastern Africa Volcanic Regions contains multiple active volcanic systems. Cross-regional magma interactions and tectonic stresses can influence eruption patterns across the entire arc. Monitor regional seismic activity and volcanic alerts.

Quick Info

  • Smithsonian ID: 221110
  • Evidence: Evidence Uncertain
  • Epoch: Holocene

About the Photo

On the horizon, Afderà volcano is located SW of Lake Afrera (Lake Giulietti). This isolated rhyolitic stratovolcano is located at the intersection of three fault systems between the Erta Ale, Tat Ali, and Alayta ranges. The low lakeshore tuff ring in the foreground is surrounded by lava flows erupted from vents SE of Hayli Gubbi volcano.

Photo by Jürg Alean, 2002 (Kantonsschule Zürcher Unterland, Bülach, Switzerland).

Basic Information

This page shows basic data from the Smithsonian Global Volcanism Program. For more detailed information, visit the official Smithsonian page.